volcanoes!!!
Volcanoes are large mountains where molten rock erupts out of the surface. There are three types of volcanoes. They are shield, composite, and cinder cone volcanoes. You can learn all about those types of volcanoes in my other links. Volcanoes shoot out lava that is very hot. The temperature of the lava can be over 3000℃. Volcanoes erupt because there is gases that are traped inside of the earth.
shield volcanoes
Shield volcanoes are a large volcanic structure with long gentle slopes built up almost entirely from fluid lava flows. The shape is more like a dome than a tall cone. They erupt slowly and can have multiple vents producting lava flows. Most of the shield volcanoes are in Hawaii. They are mostly located around divergent zones and around hot spots. Shield volcanoes are made of hot melted lava that fall onto the earth and form a volcano.
composite volcanoes
Composite volcanoes are also known as a stratovolcano. They are a cone shaped mountain with steep, smooth barren slopes often with a single plume of smoke emitted from a single central vent. A composite volcano is composed of alternating layers or strata of material created by pyroclastic (lava) flows. They are mostly located at subduction zones. They are composed of ash, and cinder.
cinder-cone volcanoes
Cinder cone volcanoes are built by an accumulation of loose bits of magma called scoria that fall around a vent or crater after being expelled during moderatly explosive activity. A cinder cone volcano is the simplest of all volcano structures. They blow up ash and are mostly found near other volcanoes. They can be around 1000 feet in height.
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Dormant
Dormant is a volcano that has not erupted for a considerable length of time, but is still capable of erupting.
Dormant is meaning that the volcano has not been erupting for a long time and is in a deep sleep. The volcano is still able to erupt but nobody knows for sure when.
Vents
Vents are openings in the earth's crust where molten lava and volcanic gases escape onto the land surface or into the atmosphere.
Extinct Volcanoes
Extinct volcanoes are volcanoes that have stopped erupting and have completely shut down.
Facts
Why are there 3 volcanoes?
- It is because lava comes out of one volcano (shield), ash comes out of the other (cinder cone), and lava and ash comes out of the last volcano (composite).
- Since the earth was young, volcanoes have been spitting out firey rock called magma/lava.
- The lava that shoots out of volcanoes are over 3000℃.
- Composite volcanoes are most common.